Healthy
eating without meat
As
concerns about healthy eating have grown, so too has the interest in
vegetarianism and veganism. Many nutrition experts recommend “eating
low on the food chain”. In plain language this means eating more
grains, vegetables and fruits, and fewer meats, cheeses and other
animal based products.
There
are of course various levels of vegetarianism, and each type has its
own unique health benefits and some health challenges as well. Of
course vegetarians, like meat eaters, must still make healthy food
choices. Simply pigging out on French fries while avoiding the
burger will not make you a healthy vegetarian.
Some
people who consider themselves vegetarians still eat poultry and
seafood, while others avoid all animal flesh, even fish and chicken.
Most vegetarians still eat milk, dairy products and eggs. In
nutritional circles these people are referred to as lacto-ovo
vegetarians.
Vegans,
on the other hand, avoid all animal products, including eggs, milk
and dairy products, and even fabrics like silk, leather and wool. It
is vegans who face the largest challenges and risks when trying to
follow a healthy diet. Most vegetarian diets provide more than
enough nutrition, as long as smart dietary choices are made.
The
key to eating a healthy vegetarian diet is much the same as eating a
healthy diet that includes meat. It all boils down to making smart
food choices, understanding nutritional labels, and cooking your
vegetables to maximize their nutritional value.
Choosing
the foods that make up the bulk of a vegetarian diet is very
important. For most vegetarians, vegetables, grains, lentils and soy
products will make up the bulk of their diet, and these staples are
included in many vegetarian recipes.
When
cooking with soy, however, it is important to remember that tofu is
relatively high in fat. The fat content of tofu dishes is often
comparable to that of dishes that are made with lean cuts of meat.
Those vegetarians following a low fat diet may want to limit the
amount of tofu based products they eat.
The
same caution applies to the nuts and seeds that can make up a large
part of a vegetarian diet. Nuts and seeds are excellent sources of
dietary protein, but they can be high in fat as well.
Many
newly minted vegetarians worry that they will not be able to get
enough protein and iron without eating meat, but for most vegetarians
this is not a problem. Most diets today actually contain too much
protein, and there are many non animal derived sources of protein for
vegetarians to enjoy.
Proper
cooking techniques are of course very important to any healthy diet.
Avoiding high fat cooking methods is important, as is avoiding the
use of high fat creams, butters and sauces. A vegetable stir fry
cooked in healthy olive oil can be a great addition to any vegetarian
menu. And a great fruit salad is both easy to make and delicious as
a snack or a meal.
The
only real area of concern when it comes to vegetarianism and health
is the B-complex vitamins, particularly vitamin B12. Vitamin B12 is
almost exclusively derived from animal based sources, so vegans, who
avoid all animal products, should take a high quality vitamin B12 or
B-complex vitamin supplement. It is also important for vegans to
discuss their diet and lifestyle with their family physicians. As
vegetarianism and veganism becomes more widespread, the amount of
information on the nutritional needs of these two groups continues to
grow.
The
bottom line is that vegetarians can enjoy a very healthy lifestyle.
Making vegetables, fruits, whole grains and beans the centerpiece of
the diet is a smart move for many people, and a good low fat
vegetarian diet can be a great way to enjoy a healthy lifestyle. As
with a meat based diet, however, it is important for vegetarians to
follow common sense eating guidelines and make smart choices when
creating meat free meals.